India stands second in the world with approximately 500 million Internet users. Fast technological improvements have increased the accessibility and uses of internet in all age group tremendously since past decade arising threats that many individuals especially adolescents, will be affected by internet addiction. Purpose of this paper is to present comprehensive overview of the current literature on Internet addiction. Though internet addiction is not officially recognized as a distinct behavioral disorder yet but in context of rapidly growing internet use, the internet addiction (IA) is been recognized as a global concern. It seems necessary to have some effective measures for prevention and management of internet addiction. Multi-model treatment of internet addiction looks promising but focus should also be on prevention. People should be made aware about the negative consequences of irresponsible internet use. Achieving a balance between provision of adequate internet facilities and protection of public from hazards of Internet use poses a challenge for policymakers. Mental health professionals should be aware about IA and work towards implementation of preventive, diagnostic and treatment strategies. World Mental Health Day 2018 will focus on “young people and mental health in a changing world” with an emphasis on the needs of this population on which our future depends. Young people are spending most of their time in online activities including pornography, gambling, online video games, excessive chatting, cyber bullying and cyber crimes etc. India has the youngest population in the world but it’s our responsibility to inculcate the right habits among next generation so we don’t lose the power of our young just in surfing online and they are available in real world instead of a virtual one only.

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Background: Psychoactive substance abuse in India continues to be a substantive problem for the individual as well as for the society. However, its consumption trends are liable to change from time to time which seems challenging to traditional treatment interventions. It has negative impact on physical and mental health, interpersonal relationship, financial status and occupation of substance users and their family.Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the recent trends of drug abuse by drug users in Punjab. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive research approach with cross-sectional survey design was used to assess the pattern of drug abuse in 200 conveniently selected drug users visiting tertiary care level hospital of Punjab by using socio-demographic sheet and pattern of substance use sheet. Results: Majority (54.5%) of drug users were using opioids. Mean age of initiation of all drug use was 20 years. More than half (62.5%) of subjects were indulged in drug use due to suggestion of friends. Heroin was reported most expensive drug by users. Majority (86.5%) of subjects were using drugs at agricultural fields, river banks, old buildings and lonely places etc. Maximum (42.5%) of subjects were admitted to de-addiction ward due to financial problems. Conclusion: Study concluded that pattern of drug use changed from natural to synthetic/medical substances. Appropriate interventional strategies need to be used to address with changed drug use pattern during the care of patients.

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Now a days the shift work is one of the most important cause for sleeping disorders among nurses. In almost every occupation round the clock performance is expected and the census data shows that there is a large segment of the work force is employed on nonstandard work schedule which may include shift work. A study was conducted with the aim to assess the occurrence of shift work disorder (SWD )and quality of sleep among staff nurses in a selected hospital of Hyderabad. Methods: The study was conducted in a private hospital of Hyderabad, Telangana.The sample size was 60 staff nurses of a selected multispecialty hospital of Hyderabad.The tools selected for the study was Pittsburgh’s sleep quality index and a questionnaire was developed for assessing shift work disorder prepared by reviewing the literature, Bergen’s shift work disorder and global sleep disorder scale. Result: The result of the study revealed that 83.3% had mild Shift Work Disorder followed by moderatemild SWD16.6% and surprisingly no mild SWDand severe mild SWD were reported by the staff nurses .In regards to sleep quality, majority of the nurses that is 70% reported to have poor quality of sleep whereas only 30% of the nurses reported to have good quality of sleep. There was no association found between prevalence of shift work sleep disorders and age, marital status and duration of sleep. In conclusion, reducing night work exposure appears to be the best intervention strategy for preventing SWD. A high prevalence of SWDsymptoms may call for a focus on the systemic antecedents of work related sleep problems.

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Introduction: Alcohol use affects each member of the family - from the unborn child to the alcoholic’s spouse. The spouse may have feelings of hatred, self-pity, avoidance of social contacts, may suffer exhaustion and become physically or mentally ill. Aim: Present study aimed to assess and compare the levels of depression among wives of alcoholics and non–alcoholics. Material and method: The sample comprised of 60 wives of alcoholics and 60 wives of non - alcoholics who were selected purposely. The tools used in study were structured interview schedule and 21 items Beck Depression Inventory. Results: The findings of the study revealed that exactly 50% of wives of alcohol dependents had severe level of depression and 35 % had moderate level of depression whereas 33.7% and 63.7% of wives of non-alcoholics had mild and minimal level of depression respectively. It also showed a significant association between the levels of depression and selected demographic variables such as duration of alcohol intake, reasons for alcohol intake and amount spent in buying alcohol at p<0.01. Conclusion: Study recommends the proper consultation and health services for wives of alcoholics.

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Early detection of substance abuse disorders can facilitate treatment. Health care professional’s knowledge and attitudes can play a role in the failure to identify and address patients with substance use problems and may negatively influence the care that these patients receive. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge of nurses working in general wards regarding assessment of substance abuse in patients and their attitude towards patients withsubstance abuse. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted on 150 Nurses working in medical, surgical, emergency, ICU, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology wards of selected hospital of New Delhi, selected by simple random sampling method. A socio-demographic data was collected. Other Tools: A structured knowledge questionnaire and Attitude scale was used for assessing knowledge and attitude. Total knowledge score ranged from 0-16 and total attitude score ranged from0-75. Informed consent was taken prior to the data collection from the study subjects. Results: Mean knowledge score of subjects regarding substance use was 7.17 (with range of score as 1-13). One third of the subjects 32% (n=48) have inadequate knowledge, 58.66% (n=88) have average knowledge and 9.33% (n=44) have good knowledge regarding assessment of substance use disorder in patients. The unfavorable attitude was shown by 5.33% (n=8) of subjects and 94.66% (n=148) of subjects have favorable attitude towards patients with substance use disorders. Knowledge was significantly associated with attitude. The was no association of knowledge and attitude with selected demographic variable. Conclusion:The study findings suggest that majority of nurses need to attend educational and training programs for assessment of substance use disorders to participate in care planning of persons with substance use disorders.

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Schizophrenia is a severe mental disorder, characterized by profound disruptions in thinking, affecting language, perception, and the sense of self. The partner diagnosed with schizophrenia, weaves a web of doubt, confusion and chaos in the caregiving spouse. Information from the World Health Organization states that schizophrenia affects about 24 million people across the world, with a worldwide prevalence of about 0.7%.The study aimed to find out marital satisfaction and burnout in spouses of patient with schizophrenia. Materials And Method: A non experimental quantitative approach and descriptive research design was adopted for the present study. Seventy spouses of patients with schizophrenia were selected through purposive sampling technique. The data was collected by using socio demographic data sheet, Locke & Wallace Marital Adjustment Test (MAT) and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI). The collected data were systematically coded, computed and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS 20. Analyses of the data were done in accordance with the specified objectives. Result: The majority respondents had marital satisfaction and lower scores of burnout. The marital satisfaction of spouses of patient with schizophrenia had significant negative correlation with the domains of burnout i.e. exhaustion (r=-0.534, P=0.000) disengagement (r= -0.366, P=0.002).

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It is estimated that a child runs away from home or care every five minutes in United Kingdom, an average of 100,00 children every year. Running away is slightly higher in girls than boys .Children are often running away from problems at home or at school .Some are dealing with very serious issues at home such as neglect, drug and alcohol addiction , their own or their parents mental health problems, violence and abuse. A few children are even forced to leave home by their parents or caretakers .Others are trying to escape common problems such as bullying, relationship difficulties, loneliness, or family breakdown. Objective: The study is to evaluate the effectiveness of awareness programme on knowledge regarding health problems among runaway children. Method: The research design for the study was Quasi experimental one group pre-test and post-test design. Simple random sampling technique was used to collect data from 60 runaway children from Bangalore Oniyavara Seva Coota shelter home. Results: The study findings revealed that the overall mean percentage in pre test is 30.93% and in post test is 90.76% in their knowledge scores as measured by improvement in mean percentage from pre test to post is 59.83%. Conclusion: The study showed that the runaway children had inadequate knowledge regarding Awareness Programme was effective in terms of gain in knowledge regarding health problems among runaway children.

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Cognitive function declines with advancing age particularly in older adults aged 60 years and above. Reminiscence therapy does have a role in the effective care of the aged person. The present study aimed to assess and compare the pre test and post test cognitive function impairment among geriatric population. Methodology: The research approach was experimental approach with pre -experimental one group pretest -post test design. The sample consists of 150 study participants. The tool used for data collection was mini mental status examination scale. An interview technique was used to collect the data. Pretest was taken on day one. Six sessions (twice weekly for 3-weeks) of reminiscence was given. Posttest of Geriatric population was taken after 21 days of pretest. Results: The calculated t value was 31.499 is more than table value at df (149) at 0.05 level of significance. This indicated that reminiscence therapy was effective in decreasing the cognitive function impairment among study participants. Research findings regarding the use of reminiscence therapy can help the nurses to utilize this specific intervention in their work with older client.

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Introduction: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is associated with multiple neuropsychiatry sequelae, including problems with cognition, emotion and behaviour.The present study was undertaken to assess the cognitive dysfunction and severity of depression among patients with post Traumatic Brain Injury. Materials and Methods: The quantitative, descriptive cross sectional survey design on 154 patients with post TBI, attending followup OPD were enrolled. The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) was used. Result revealed that 37.7% of subjects had mild depression, 34.4% had moderate depression whereas 27.9% didn’t report any depressive symptoms. The significant predictors of depression were gender (OR =3.80, 95% CI=1.50-9.63) nuclear family (OR=3.00, 95% CI=1.19-7.56), severity of injury (OR =7.13, 95% CI= 1.90-26.76) and job loss (OR=0.12, 95% CI=0.03- 0.41). Conclusion: Patients with TBI are at great risk for developing depression. Nurses should be trained in using standardized scales to identify depression and to refer for the treatment accordingly. Screening and early identification of depression among post TBI patients helps in the prompt treatment which ensures faster recovery and improvement in their quality of life.

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Maintaining adherence to prescribed treatment adherence is one of the issues in caring a person with mental illness. Treatment adherence can be measured by the patients’ interview or/and observation by the care givers. An objective measure of treatment adherence is equally important with self report especially for the patients requiring long term treatment. The present study aimed to develop a valid and reliable checklist to measure the treatment adherence of person with mental illness. Method: An 18-item checklist was constructed following the scientific tool development process. Content validity was established with validity index. The psychometrics of the checklist was evaluated with 110 family members of persons suffering from mental illness on their observation of treatment adherence of their patients. A standardized tool namely Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) was also applied to the patients with mental illness to measure the same construct. Results: The statistical analysis showed good internal consistency of the constructed checklist. The chronbach’s alpha was found to be 0.789 and reliability with spearman brown prophency formula was 0.834. All the items except item no. 5, 7, 15 and 16 are significantly correlated with total score indicating sensitivity of the tool. There was significant correlation ( r=0.590, p=0.000) between the score of the constructed treatment adherence checklist and the score of MARS indicating good construct validity of the checklist. Conclusion: The constructed treatment adherence checklist was found to be valid and reliable to use in the research studies by considering its acceptable psychometrics.

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Introduction: It is estimated that 46-75% individuals has tobacco-smoking history at the time of diagnosis of cancer and 14% - 58% continue to smoke even after the initiation of their treatment. The current study is done in a tertiary care hospital to find out the continuation of tobacco use among patients post diagnosis of cancer. The objectives were to assess current tobacco use among cancer patients after diagnosis and after initiation of treatment, to assess awareness about the available tobacco cessation treatments and types of facilities for treatment and exposure to passive tobacco-smoking. Methods: The study was conducted in adult patients suffering from cancer, admitted in a tertiary care hospital for treatment. It was a quantitative approach cross-sectional survey design. Total enumeration sampling method was used for enrolling the patients. Tools: a questionnaire containing five items was used to assess the history of tobacco use, continuation of tobacco use after diagnosis, continuation of tobacco use after initiation of cancer treatment, awareness about the treatment services available for tobacco de-addiction and exposure to passive smoking. Written informed consent was taken from patients and their family care giver. Results: The mean age of 102 study patients was 46.18 years. Sixty percent of study patients were male and 40% were female. Fifty three percent of study patients were using tobacco in past it includes both smoke and smokeless tobacco, among the tobacco users (n=52), 81% of study patients stopped tobacco use after diagnosis of cancer. A total of fifty three percentage of study patients were currently using tobacco. Forty percent of Study patients did not have any knowledge about available medical treatment for tobacco cessation. Forty two percent of study patients reported that they were exposed daily to passive smoking. Conclusion: Despite enormous gains from tobacco cessation, very few persons give up tobacco use spontaneously, and that is also due to illness factor. Therefore it is the responsibility of the health professionals to guide the patients for enrolling into the tobacco cessation program at the earliest after the diagnosis of cancer.

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Heavier tobacco smoking pattern, in spite of its detrimental consequences is common among the schizophrenia patients in India as it is in the rest of world. But very limited studies have been conducted in north-east of India to find the knowledge level among the schizophrenia patients regarding the adverse effects of tobacco smoking, which is again limited in rest of India and outside India. Therefore, the study was conducted with the aim of assessing the knowledge regarding adverse effects of tobacco smoking among the schizophrenia patients. Materials and methods: A descriptive research design was adopted to conduct the study at the out-patient department of LGBRIMH, Tezpur. A sample of 30 schizophrenia patients diagnosed as per ICD-10 criteria, were selected by using a purposive sampling technique. The data was collected by using a self-structured questionnaire and was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Findings revealed that among the schizophrenia patients, majority (80.0%, n=24) were having an increased knowledge score regarding the adverse effects of smoking and there was a significant association present (χ2=5.000, P=0.025) between the knowledge score and the level of education of the participants. Conclusion: The study results shows that motivation enhancement among the schizophrenia patients will be very important for their self motivated involvement for the avoidance of this negative health related behaviour which has some detrimental adverse effects particularly on their present health condition.

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Background: People with psychotic illnesses, have high rates of unhealthy lifestyle factors, such as smoking and physical inactivity. The consequences of such risk behaviors can lead to COPD, Cancer, HTN, CAD, obesity, liver cirrhosis, cardiomyopathy, infertility, HIV and sexually transmitted diseases. The risk for unhealthy life styles is high among young people with psychiatric disorders. The main objective of the study was to assess the physical health risk behaviors in young people with psychiatric disorders. Materials and methods: The data was collected from 62 psychiatric patients recruited by purposive sampling technique from psychiatric wards and OPD and Physical Health Risk Behavior Questionnaire was administered by interview technique. Results: The study findings showed that physical health risk behaviors in young people with psychiatric disorders was low (12.5 ? 6.80). There was significant association between physical health risk behaviors and gender (p=0.001). Conclusion: It is the need of the hour to assess various physical health risk behaviors found in patients with psychiatric disorders to intervene effectively so as to improve the quality of life of the patients and thus contribute to better quality of care received by patients.

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